Bangladesh: Elevated dengue fever activity reported nationwide, especially Dhaka, through August /update 5

Event

Health authorities have reported elevated dengue fever activity nationwide, with 57,292 additional cases reported July 28-Aug. 20, bringing the total to 99,994 cases since Jan. 1. This is more than 23 times higher than the 4,345 cases reported over a similar period in 2022. Dhaka (51,538 cases) is the most affected division, reporting the highest disease activity. Other areas reporting high disease activity include the Chattogram, Barisal, and Sylhet divisions. Health officials have urged residents to implement preventative measures, including pest control activities and clearing any containers that may result in water collection to prevent mosquito breeding. This represents the most complete information available as of Aug. 21.

Context

Dengue fever is endemic in Bangladesh, with infection risk existing nationwide, typically highest June-September. The current outbreak is occurring before the usual onset of the mosquito breeding season, with health officials stating that breeding is now also occurring in areas with no standing water. Bangladesh reported roughly 62,382 dengue fever cases nationwide in 2022, 28,429 cases in 2021, 1,405 cases in 2020, and 101,354 cases in 2019.

A dengue fever vaccine is available in some countries. It is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and in countries with high dengue fever burdens. Dengue fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: a severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and/or nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten but can develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated promptly.

Advice

If you have previously been infected with dengue fever, consult with your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.